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Título
Use of Endophytic and Rhizosphere Actinobacteria from Grapevine Plants To Reduce Nursery Fungal Graft Infections That Lead to Young Grapevine Decline
Autor
Facultad/Centro
Área de conocimiento
Título de la revista
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Número de la revista
24
Cita Bibliográfica
Álvarez-Pérez, J. M., González-García, S., Cobos, R., Olego, M. Á., Ibañez, A., Díez-Galán, A., Garzón-Jimeno, E., & Coque, J. J. R. (2017). Use of endophytic and rhizosphere actinobacteria from grapevine plants to reduce nursery fungal graft infections that lead to young grapevine decline. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 83(24). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01564-17
Editorial
American Society for Microbiology
Fecha
2017
ISSN
0099-2240
Resumen
[EN] Endophytic and rhizosphere actinobacteria isolated from the root system
of 1-year-old grafted Vitis vinifera plants were evaluated for their activities
against fungi that cause grapevine trunk diseases. A total of 58 endophytic and 94
rhizosphere isolates were tested. Based on an in vitro bioassay, 15.5% of the endophytic
isolates and 30.8% of the rhizosphere isolates exhibited antifungal activity
against the fungal pathogen Diplodia seriata, whereas 13.8% of the endophytic isolates
and 16.0% of the rhizosphere isolates showed antifungal activity against Dactylonectria
macrodidyma (formerly Ilyonectria macrodidyma). The strains which showed
the greatest in vitro efficacy against both pathogens were further analyzed for their
ability to inhibit the growth of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium
minimum (formerly Phaeoacremonium aleophilum). Based on their antifungal activity,
three rhizosphere isolates and three endophytic isolates were applied on grafts in an
open-root field nursery in a 3-year trial. The field trial led to the identification of one
endophytic strain, Streptomyces sp. VV/E1, and two rhizosphere isolates, Streptomyces
sp. VV/R1 and Streptomyces sp. VV/R4, which significantly reduced the infection rates
produced by the fungal pathogens Dactylonectria sp., Ilyonectria sp., P. chlamydospora,
and P. minimum, all of which cause young grapevine decline. The VV/R1
and VV/R4 isolates also significantly reduced the mortality level of grafted plants in
the nursery. This study shows that certain actinobacteria could represent a promising
new tool for controlling fungal trunk pathogens that infect grapevine plants
through the root system in nurseries.
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