Problems in the Translation of Phraseologisms in Bilingual Dictionaries Spanish-Chinese / Chinese-Spanish

Abstract

熟语学作为语言学研究的一部分，主要 研究短语、谚语、成语、格言等包括全部具 有稳定性和再生性的词的组合，它体现特定 的社会传统和特质。母语者在语言实践过程 中能够毫无障碍地识别这些语言单位，但是 由于中西社会语言文化差异，汉语母语者很 难理解西班牙语成语和习语。中国的西班牙 语学生识别这些语言单位的非字面含义也较 为困难。因此，在外语教学过程中融入熟语 学习，能够提高学生的交际能力，促使学生 在语言学、社会语言学、语用各方面能力得 到发展和提高。因此，在编撰双语习语字典 的过程中，不能仅局限于将一种语言翻译成 目标语，而是在比较两种语言的基础上，向 非母语者传递熟语的历史文化背景和文化差 异，传递如何使用这些熟语，和使用频率、 熟语变体等信息内容。

The phraseology is part of the linguistic studies on phrases, proverbs, idioms, proverbs and other units of syntax totally or partially fixed. It is the reflection of a certain tradition and idiosyncrasy of society. The native speaker recognizes the phraseological units in the praxis of speech without difficulty. However, because of their idiomaticity and the sociocultural divergence between two linguistic communities, Spanish sayings and expressions cannot always be understood by the Chinese speakers. Students of Spanish as a foreign language have difficulty recognizing the non-literal meaning of an expression, the use of this type of expression in language teaching develops communicative competence, linguistics competence, sociolinguistics and pragmatics competence. Then, when producing a bilingual dictionary, it is not enough to translate it into the target language, but rather to contrast the two languages in order to inform non-native speakers of unknown elements, such as historical and cultural backgrounds, uses, and their frequency of application, variants, etc.