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    Citas

    Título
    Lead and cadmium levels in raw bovine milk and dietary risk assessment in areas near petroleum extraction industries
    Autor
    Norouzirad, Reza
    González Montaña, José RamiroAutoridad BuleriaORCID
    Martínez Pastor, FelipeAutoridad BuleriaORCID
    Hosseini, Hedayat
    Shahrouzian, Ali
    Khabazkhoob, Mehdi
    Ali Malayeri, Fardin
    Moallem Bandani, Haniyeh
    Paknejad, Mohsen
    Foroughi nia, Behrouz
    Fooladi Moghaddam, Atefeh
    Facultad/Centro
    Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas y Ambientales
    Área de conocimiento
    Biologia Celular
    Datos de la obra
    Science of The Total Environment, 2018, vol. 635
    Editor
    Elsevier
    Fecha
    2018-09-01
    Abstract
    Oil fields are a source of heavy metal pollution, but few studies have evaluated its impact on the intake of these contaminants through milk, an important food especially for children. From February 2015 to 2016, 118 samples of raw cow's milk, 14 of fodder and 8 of water in Southwest Iran were collected from farms close to oil fields or related industries. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels were evaluated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean ± SE in milk and fodder were 47.0 ± 3.9 and 54.0 ± 6.9 μg/kg for Pb, and 4.7 ± 1.0 and 3.5 ± 1.3 μg/kg for Cd. No Pb or Cd was detected in water. Most milk samples (82.2%) for Pb were above the permissible limits (20 μg/kg). Exposure to Pb and Cd from milk consumption was calculated in two scenarios: mean and maximum exposure for the age range of 2–90 years. The intake of an average Iranian adult (25 years, 60 kg b. w., 0.14 kg milk/day) would be 6.6 μg Pb and 0.66 μg Cd/day (WI of 46.2 and 4.6 μg, respectively), well below the risk values proposed by some international organizations, even in the maximum exposure scenario. However, Pb exposure for infants and toddlers may be closer to the risk values, since milk and milk products could be the main contributor to Cd and Pb, and small children consume 2–3 times more food than adults relative to their body weight. The risk of Pb and Cd exposure through milk close to oil fields should be considered and a monitoring plan for these contaminants is strongly recommended.
    Materia
    Veterinaria
    Palabras clave
    Raw cow milk
    Lead
    Cadmium
    Heavy metals
    Exposure assessment
    Peer review
    SI
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10612/10807
    Versión del editor
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718312993#!
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