Dynamic Evolution of the Type of “meideshuo” Discourse Marker and Its Metapragmatic Functions

Abstract

“没的说”类话语标记包括三种类型 —— “没的说”、“没话说”和“没说的”。从语 义—语用的角度来描述“没的说”类话语标记 形成演变的动态轨迹是：陈述客观“无话说” 义“没的说”>表达具有[+肯定性]语义特征的 “没的说”>具有肯定情态义的话语标记“没的 说”。这类话语标记具有了聚焦焦点信息、命 题表态以及预示交际意图的三大元语用功能。 “没的说”类话语标记形成演变过程既是词汇 化、语法化过程，也是话语交互主观化的过程。 演变的动因有语用扩展和语义衍推。 A type of “meideshuo” discourse markers contains three subtypes: “meideshuo”, “meihuashuo”, and “meishuode”. From the point of view of semantic-pragmatics, this type of discourse markers evolves dynamically from the meaning of “no words to say” to “positive meaning”, and finally evolves to a discourse marker. The metapragmatic functions of the discourse markers are new information focused, proposition affirmed, and communicative purpose predicted. The process of the discourse marker evolution is not only the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization, but also the process of intersubjectification. The pragmatic extensions and semantic entailment are contributed to function as motivations for the dynamic evolution of “meideshuo” discourse markers.