随着西班牙学习汉语的普及和发展，越来越多的学生选择学习汉语作为外语。但
是，由于 各种因素（语内因素和语际因素）的作用，学生在学习汉语的过程中遇到了许多
困难，并且犯了许多表达错误。本文对于词汇、句子、篇章三个层级的偏误进行了定量和
定性分析。该分析基于西班牙学生汉语作文所建成的语料库，通过分析可得出以下主要结
论：偏误集中在词汇和句子级别，而在篇章层面偏误数量较小；在A1级，语内因素是偏误
的主要成因，而随着汉语水平的提高，语际因素开始发挥更重要的作用；从A1到B1，我们
检测到某些偏误及用法趋于石化。
With the popularity and development of learning the Chinese language in Spain, more and more students are choosing to study Chinese as a foreign language. However, due to various factors -interlinguistic and intralinguistic factors-, students have many difficulties during the learning process and they make numerous mistakes of expression. This article proposes to carry out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the different errors that the students commit, from the lexical, sentence and discursive perspectives. This analysis will be carried out from a corpus of written works in Chinese by Spanish students, and from this analysis we obtain the following main results: errors are concentrated at the lexical and sentence level while at the discursive level the amount of errors is less; at level A1 the interlinguistic factors occupy a predominant place in causing mistakes, and as the level of Chinese rises, intralinguistics factors begin to play a more important role; from level A1 to level B1, we detect
certain elements with a tendency to fossilization.
