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Título
Beneficial effects of exercise on gut microbiota functionality and barrier integrity, and gut-liver axis crosstalk in an "in vivo" model of early obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Autor
Facultad/Centro
Área de conocimiento
Título de la revista
Disease Models & Mechanisms
Número de la revista
5
Cita Bibliográfica
Carbajo-Pescador, S., Porras, D., Garcia-Mediavilla, M. V., Martinez-Florez, S., Juarez-Fernandez, M., Cuevas, M. J., Mauriz, J. L., Gonzalez-Gallego, J., Nistal González, E., & Sanchez-Campos, S. (2019). Beneficial effects of exercise on gut microbiota functionality and barrier integrity, and gut-liver crosstalk in an in vivo model of early obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.1242/DMM.039206f
Editorial
The Company of Biologists
Fecha
2019
ISSN
1754-8403
Resumen
[EN]Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels, representing one of the most serious public health concerns associated with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is limited clinical experience concerning pediatric NAFLD patients, and thus the therapeutic options are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of exercise on gut microbiota composition and functionality balance, and consequent effects on early obesity and NAFLD onset in an in vivo model. Juvenile (21-day-old) male Wistar rats fed a control diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) were subjected to a combined aerobic and resistance training protocol. Fecal microbiota was sequenced by an Illumina MiSeq system, and parameters related to metabolic syndrome, fecal metabolome, intestinal barrier integrity, bile acid metabolism and transport, and alteration of the gut-liver axis were measured. Exercise decreased HFD-induced body weight gain, metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis, as a result of its lipid metabolism modulatory capacity. Gut microbiota composition and functionality were substantially modified as a consequence of diet, age and exercise intervention. In addition, the training protocol increased Parabacteroides, Bacteroides and Flavobacterium genera, correlating with a beneficial metabolomic profile, whereas Blautia, Dysgonomonas and Porphyromonas showed an opposite pattern. Exercise effectively counteracted HFD-induced microbial imbalance, leading to intestinal barrier preservation, which, in turn, prevented deregulation of the gut-liver axis and improved bile acid homeostasis, determining the clinical outcomes of NAFLD. In conclusion, we provide scientific evidence highlighting the benefits of gut microbiota composition and functionality modulation by physical exercise protocols in the management of early obesity and NAFLD development.
Materia
Palabras clave
Peer review
SI
ID proyecto
- info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/ Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad/ BFU2017-87960-R/ES/ EFECTO DEL EJERCICIO FISICO Y QUERCETINA Y DEL TRASPLANTE DE MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL PROTECTORA O PREDISPONENTE ADICIONADA CON AKKERMANSIA MUCINIPHILA EN MODELOS DE NAFLD
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