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Título
Germination and Agronomic Traits of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Beans Sprayed with Trichoderma Strains and Attacked by Acanthoscelides obtectus
Autor
Facultad/Centro
Área de conocimiento
Título de la revista
Agronomy
Número de la revista
11
Cita Bibliográfica
Rodríguez González, Á.; Guerra Sánchez, M.; Ramírez Lozano, D.; Casquero Luelmo, P. A.; Gutiérrez Martínez, S. (2021). Germination and Agronomic Traits of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Beans Sprayed with Trichoderma Strains and Attacked by Acanthoscelides obtectus. Agronomy, 11(11), https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY11112130
Editorial
MDPI
Fecha
2021
Resumen
[EN] Acanthoscelides obtectus, one of the world’s most important post-harvest pests, attacks
wild and cultivated common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Four Trichoderma strains, Trichoderma
arundinaceum IBT 40,837 (=Ta37), a wild-type strain producer of trichothecene harzianum A (HA);
two transformed strains of Ta37, Ta37-17.139 (∆tri17) and Ta37-23.74 (∆tri23); and T. brevicompactum
IBT 40,841 (=Tb41), a wild-type strain producer of the trichothecene trichodermin, were evaluated to
determine the effect of these compounds on the virulence of A. obtectus and the effect of these strains
on the seed’s capacity of germination and on the agronomic traits of the plants grown from these
seeds. Treatments of bean seeds with different Trichoderma strains provided varying survival rates
in A. obtectus adults, so life survival of insects after Tb41 strain application was reduced to 15 days.
∆tri17 and Tb41 strains sprayed on P. vulgaris beans resulted in low weight losses (1.21 and 1.55%,
respectively). In spite of the low germination percentage of beans treated with ∆tri23 strain (lower
than the germination percentages of the rest of the fungal strains applied), this treatment encouraged
a greater Wet Weight of Aerial Part of the plants grown from both damaged and undamaged beans.
High germination rates of Ta37 and ∆tri17 strains (higher than with the rest of treatments), did
not turn into a greater Wet Weight Aerial Part and Wet Weight of Root System in the future plants
developed. Linear regression between the number of exit holes and the wet weight aerial part on
the one hand, and between the number of exit holes and the wet weight root system on the other,
showed interaction, so ∆tri23 and Tb41 strains behaved differently in comparison to their respective
control treatments. The number of exit holes of beans treated with ∆tri23 or Tb41 was negatively
correlated with both the wet weight aerial part and the wet weight root system in P. vulgaris plants.
∆tri23 sprayed on undamaged beans caused the greatest Wet Weight Aerial Part and wet weight root
system in plants. Due to the good results obtained by ∆tri23 and Tb41 strains in this work, more
studies for A. obtectus control, P. vulgaris plant growth and trichothecenes production by these strains
should be explored, in order to advance in the knowledge of how these fungi could be used in the
field crop, together with the application of management strategies to mitigate risks for farmers and
to minimize environmental contamination.
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