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Impact of discontinuing non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in dementia patients by COVID-19 lockdown. A pilot observational, longitudinal, retrospective study carried out in an adult day center in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Título de la revista
Frontiers in Medicine
Datos de la obra
Sánchez-Valdeón, L., Bello-Corral, L., Mayo-Iscar, A., Fernández-Lázaro, D., & Seco-Calvo, J. (2023). Impact of discontinuing non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in dementia patients by COVID-19 lockdown. A pilot observational, longitudinal, retrospective study carried out in an adult day center in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Medicine, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/FMED.2023.1204151
Editor
Frontiers Media
Fecha
2023
Abstract
[EN] Background: The lockdown imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic led to
social isolation and prevented patients with dementia from receiving a suite of
non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) that prevent cognitive decline. This
discontinuation of NPIs could substantially affect the mental health status of people
with dementia in social care settings, such as adult day care centers (ADCs).
Propose: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on
mental health and cognitive impairment in patients with dementia who could
not attend their usual ADCs and did not receive our NPIs, based on World Health
Organization (WHO) Guidelines.
Methods: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective study carried out in an
adult day center in Spain and reported it in accordance with the Strengthening
Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement.
Cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in
80 patients attending the ADC of the “Leonese Association of Dementia Patients”
(León, Spain), who had been evaluated with this instrument before the COVID-19
lockdown.
Results: We observed a 0.4-point decrease in MMSE score/month (IQR = 1.4)
during lockdown versus a 0.1-point decrease/month (IQR = 0.3) before this
period (p = 0.038). Notably, this translated to >10-point decreases in MMSE score/
year in 33.8% of participants during lockdown versus 5.5% earlier (p < 0.001). No
statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between the individual
characteristics of the caregivers and the occurrence of the event.
Conclusion: The reported declines in MMSE scores reveal a significant acceleration of cognitive decline during the period of inactivity. This could suggest that our NPIs, focused on slowing cognitive decline, are beneficial and, therefore, necessary in patients with dementia.
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- info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia /MTM2017-86061-C2-1-P/ES/TECNICAS DE REMUESTREO, DE RECORTE, Y METRICAS PROBABILISTICAS. APLICACIONES ESTADISTICAS
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