RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 A humoral diagnostic test outperforms cellular tests in a farm with a latent tuberculosis outbreak caused by a new Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotype that affected sheep but not goats A1 Juste, Ramon A. A1 Fernández Veiga, Leire A1 Fuertes Franco, Miguel A1 Fernández-Ortiz de Murua, Ignacio A1 Cardona, Guillermo A1 Geijo, María V. A1 Garrido, Joseba M. A1 Sevilla, Iker A. A2 Sanidad Animal K1 Sanidad animal K1 Sheep tuberculosis K1 Goat tuberculosis K1 SB2737 K1 Mycobacterium caprae K1 Tuberculosis antibody test K1 Bovine tuberculosis K1 Skin test K1 3109 Ciencias Veterinarias AB [EN] Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTC) that affects numerous species. M. caprae, a member of the complex which is close to M. bovis, is emerging and affects several different hosts that include goats, cattle, sheep, pigs, rabbits, wild boar, red deer, foxes and also humans. A new M. caprae spoligotype (SB2737) was isolated from an outbreak of sheep tuberculosis affecting a mixed sheep (323)-goat (29) farm in 2021. The index case was detected by the La Rioja slaughterhouse veterinary inspection. Tracing back to the farm of origin, both species were submitted to Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT) and M. bovis-specific antibody ELISA tests. A subsample was also examined by IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) and all positives were slaughtered and pathologically and microbiologically investigated. Only 1.2% of sheep and no goat were positive in the CITT, and 11.4% in the IGRA sheep subsample, while up to 36.8% were positive in two consecutive M. bovis-specific antibody ELISA tests. Goats had always tested negative in annual intradermal follow-up since 2013. Upon confirmation of the immunologically positive sheep at slaughter, all the remaining negative animals were killed and 29.2% of sheep were still found infected. This raised the final overall prevalence to 37.5%. Antibody ELISA was the most sensitive (81.4%) in vivo detection method still showing a 85.0% specificity relative to pathological and microbiological tuberculosis status. It was nearly 10 times more sensitive than skin test and had an 86.8% positive predictive value. Notwithstanding a possible singular pathogenesis of the new spoligotype, this outbreak adds up to previous reports suggesting that sheep tuberculosis could be huge reservoir of infection worldwide overlooked by skin test low sensitivity or simply lack of investigation. This makes it urgent to extend the use antibody tests to address the Trojan horse of hidden M. tuberculosis complex infections on bovine TB control programs. PB Frontiers Media LK https://hdl.handle.net/10612/18577 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10612/18577 NO Juste, R. A., Fernández-Veiga, L., Fuertes, M., Fernández-Ortiz de Murua, I., Cardona, G., Geijo, M. V., Garrido, J. M., & Sevilla, I. A. (2023). A humoral diagnostic test outperforms cellular tests in a farm with a latent tuberculosis outbreak caused by a new Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotype that affected sheep but not goats. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/FVETS.2023.1310205 DS BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León RD 04-jun-2024